Left: Wernher von Braun Street with explanatory plaque, Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany (fuerstenfeldbruch.de). Right: Von Braun Drive Northwest, Huntsville, Alabama (Google Maps). Image by Lev Golinkin
By Lev Golinkin January 15, 2023
This list is part of an ongoing investigative project the Forward first published in January 2021 documenting hundreds of monuments around the world to people involved in the Holocaust. We are continuing to update each country’s list; if you know of any not included here, or of statues that have been removed or streets renamed, please email [email protected], subject line: Nazi monument project.
Many Nazi collaborators in this project have monuments in multiple countries. Some have honors in neighboring nations that were once part of a single political entity. Others, especially Eastern European collaborators, have monuments in their native lands as well as in the West; the latter were typically built by elements within diaspora communities in the U.S. and elsewhere.
The index lists which country/countries an individual, organization or military formation has honors in. Links to country pages are found below.
Country page abbreviations and links:
Albania (Alb). Argentina (Arg). Armenia (Arm). Australia (Aus). Austria (Aust). Belgium (Bel). Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bos). Bulgaria (Bul). Canada (Can). Croatia (Cro). Czech Republic (Cze). Denmark (Den). Estonia (Est). Hungary (Hun). India (Ind). Italy (Ita). Kosovo (Kos). Latvia (Lat). Lithuania (Lit). Moldova (Mol). North Macedonia (N. Mac). Romania (Rom). Russia (Rus). Serbia (Ser). Slovakia (Slo). Spain (Spa). Ukraine (Ukr). United Kingdom (U.K.). United States (U.S.)
| 1st Ukrainian Regiment “Holodny Yar” – Ukr
2nd Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalion – Lit 2nd National Labor Security TDA Battalion – Lit 5.SS-Freiwilligen-Sturmbrigade Wallonien aka the Walloon Legion – Est 12th Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalion – Lit 13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS “Handschar” (1st Croatian) – Bos 14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician) aka SS Galichina – Aus, Aust, Can, Ukr, U.K., U.S. 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian) – Bel, Lat 19th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (2nd Latvian) – Bel, Lat 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian) – Est 21st Waffen Mountain Division of the SS “Skanderbeg” (1st Albanian) – Kos 115th Schutzmannschaft Battalion – Ukr, U.S. 118th Schutzmannschaft Battalion – Ukr, U.S. 201st Schutzmannschaft Battalion – Can, Ukr, U.S. III (Germanic) SS-Panzerkorps – Est Alexianu, Gheorghe – Rom Almirante, Giorgio – Ita Ambrazevičius Brazaitis, Juozas – Lit Andrusyak, Vasyl – Ukr Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations (ABN) – U.K. Antonescu, Ion – Rom Armenian Legion – Arm, Bul Arrow Cross Party – Hun, Rom Arsenych, Mykola – Ukr Azzariti, Gaetano – Ita Babiy, Oleksa – Ukr Bahlsen, Klaus – Ger Balli Kombëtar – Alb, Kos, N. Mac Baltūsis-Žvejas, Antanas – Lit Bandera, Stepan – Arg, Ukr, U.S. Barabash, Teodor – Ukr Beindorff, Fritz – Ger Belarusian Central Council – U.S. Bergbauernhilfe aka the Ukrainian Military Units of Nationalists or the Sushko Legion – Ukr Berkenkruis (“birch-cross”) – Bel, Est, Spa Black Legion – Bos Blue Division – Spa Boban, Rafael “Ranko” – Bos Boccasile, Gino – Ita Bode, August – Ger Bogdan, Serhei – Ukr Boris III, czar of Bulgaria – Bul, N. Mac Bose, Subhas Chandra – Ind Brose, Max – Ger Budak, Mile – Bos, Cro Bukovinsky Kuren – Ukr, U.S. Bulba-Borovets, Taras – Ukr Burdyn, Stepan – Ukr Burko, Demid – Ukr Busuladžić, Mustafa – Bos Central National Committee (Chetnik advisory body) – Bos, Ser Chav’yak, Volodymyr – Ukr Chetniks – Aus, Bos, Can, Ser, U.S. Crainic, Nichifor – Rom Cristea, Miron – Rom, Ser Debus, Kurt – U.S. Demsky, Oleksiy – Ukr Deputat, Volodymyr – Ukr Deva, Xhafer – Kos Dodbiba, Sokrat – Alb Dolishnyak, Yuri – Ukr Đozo, Husein – Bos Drenović, Uroš – Bos Ďurčanský, Ferdinand – Slo Đurišić, Pavle – Bos, U.S. Dutch SS volunteers, nurses and auxiliaries – Est Dyachenko, Petro – Ukr Dyakon, Yaroslav – Ukr Emmanuel III, Victor – Ita Flick, Friedrich – Ger Francetić, Jure – Bos Frashëri, Mehdi – Alb, Kos Frashëri, Mid’hat – Alb, Kos Free Corps Denmark (Freikorps Danmark) – Den Free India Legion/Indian Volunteer Legion of the Waffen-SS aka the Indian Legion – Ind Gakh, Dmytro – Ukr Garasymiv, Yuri – Ukr Gasyn, Oleksandr – Ukr Goga, Octavian – Mol, Rom Goncharenko, Averkiy – Ukr Gorlis-Gorsky, Yuriy – Ukr Graziani, Rodolfo – Ita Gudzovatiy, Petro – Ukr Gyr, Radu – Rom Hadžiahmetović, Aćif aka Aćif Bljuta, Aćif-efendija – Ser Harapi, Anton – Kos Hasa, Xhem aka Xhem Gostivari – N. Mac Häußler, Franz – Aust Heraeus, Reinhard – Ger Hilble, Friedrich – Ger Himmel’raich, Kost – Ukr Horia, Vintilă – Rom Horthy, Miklós – Hun Hrabets, Omelyan – Ukr Hrynokh, Ivan – Ukr Ignatavičius, Zenonas – Lit Ilgner, Max – Ger Iosyp Pozychanyuk – Ukr Iron Cross, memorial to – Cze Iron Guard – Rom Ivakhiv, Vasyl – Ukr Jelić, Branimir – Cro Jevđević, Dobroslav – Bos June 23, 1941 (Lithuanian Activist Front uprising) – Lit June 30, 1941 establishment of the self-proclaimed collaborationist government of the Bandera faction of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN-B) – Ukr, U.S. Jung-Urania – Aust Kachinskyi, Serhei – Ukr Kedyulich, Ivan – Ukr Khamchuk, Petro – Ukr Khymynets, Oleksiy – Ukr Klyachkivskiy, Dmytro aka Klym Savur – Ukr Klymiv-Legenda, Ivan – Ukr Kobilnyk, Volodymyr – Ukr Körber, Kurt – Ger Kosiuk, Vasyl – Ukr Koval, Stepan – Ukr Koziar, Anatoliy – Ukr Krasniqi, Rexhep – Kos Krasnov, Pyotr – Rus Krikštaponis, Juozas – Lit Krosi, Aqif aka Aqif Recani – N. Mac Krupp, Alfried – Ger Kubiyovych, Volodymyr – Ukr Kurmanovych, Viktor – Ukr |
Latvian Legion – Bel, Lat
Laval, Pierre – U.S. Lenkavskiy, Stepan – Ukr Lithuanian Activist Front (LAF) – Lit, U.S. Lithuanian Territorial Defense Front (LTDF) – Lit Lorković, Mladen – Bos Lukasevich, Mar’yan – Ukr Lukša-Daumantas, Juozas – Lit Lutsk Police Academy – Ukr Lutskyi, Oleksandr – Ukr Makanec, Julije – Cro Makarushka, Lyubomir – Ukr Malkosh, Volodymyr – Ukr Melnyk, Andryi – Ukr Melnyk, Petro – Ukr Messer, Adolf – Ger Messerschmitt, Willy – Ger Mihailović, Dragoljub “Draža” – Aus, Bos, Can, Ser, U.S. Mitrovica, Rexhep – Alb, Kos Mizernyi, Martin – Ukr Moljević, Stevan – Bos, Ser Mulyk, Mykhailo – Ukr Muñoz Grandes, Agustín – Spa Mussolini, Benito – Ita Myron, Dmytro aka Orlyk – Ukr Nachtigall Battalion – Can, Ukr, U.S. National Christian Party (Romania) – Mol, Rom Noreika, Jonas aka General Storm – Lit Nugiseks, Harald – Est Nyírő, Jòzsef – Hun, Rom Nykolyak, Vasyl – Ukr Nzhdeh, Garegin – Arm, Bul Olzhych, Oleg – Ukr, U.S. Omelyanovych-Pavlenko, Mykhailo – Ukr Orano, Paolo – Ita Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) – Can, Ger, Ita, Ukr, U.K., U.S. Pačariz, Sulejman – Bos Paliiv, Dmytro – Ukr Pandža, Muhamed – Bos Parhomovych, Leonid aka Leonid Poltava – Ukr Pavelić, Ante – Aus Pende, Nicola – Ita Pétain, Philippe – Can, U.S. Peter, Kostiantyn – Ukr Pihotskiy, Terentiy – Ukr Plechavičius, Povilas – Lit Polovyi, Omelyan – Ukr Polyanskiy, Yuri – Ukr Porsche, Ferdinand – Aust, Cze, Ger, U.S. Porsche, Ferdinand Anton Ernst aka Ferry Porsche – Aust, Ger, U.S. Quandt, Herbert – Ger Radić, Rade – Bos Ramanauskas-Vanagas, Adolfas – Lit, U.S. Rastoder, Osman – Bos Rebane, Alfons – Est Reimann Jr., Albert – Ger Rembolovich, Ivan – Ukr Riedel, Klaus – Ger Röchling, Hermann – Ger Rohach, Ivan – Ukr Roland Battalion – Ukr Romanian military forces under Ion Antonescu – Mol Rosterg, August – Ger Rudak, Danylo – Ukr Rudiy, Roman – Ukr Russian Liberation Army (ROA) – Cze, Ger, U.S. Russian Protective Corps – U.S. Ryznyak, Roman – Ukr Samchuk, Ulas – Ukr Samutin, Petro – Ukr Sandžak Muslim militia – Bos Sauerbruch, Ferdinand – Ger Schygel’skiy, Volodymyr – Ukr Shandruk, Pavlo – Ukr Shukatka, Andriy – Ukr Shukhevych, Roman – Arg, Can, Ita, Ukr, U.S. Shum, Oleksa – Ukr Škirpa, Kazys – Lit Skrygunets, Vasyl – Ukr Skrypnyk, Stepan aka Patriarch Mstyslav – U.S., Ukr Slipyi, Iosif – Can, Ita, Ukr, U.S. Sonderkommando 4a unit of Einsatzgruppe C – Ukr Sredersas, Bronius “Bob” – Aus SS Polizei-Selbstschutz-Regiment Sandschak – Bos SS Volunteer Legion Flanders aka the Flemish Legion – Bel, Est SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 23 Norge aka Regiment “Norge” – Est SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 24 Danmark aka Regiment “Danmark” – Est Starukh, Yaroslav-Mykhailo – Ukr Stetsko, Yaroslav – Ger, Ukr, U.K. Stupnytskiy, Leonid – Ukr Sushko, Roman – Ukr Sydor, Vasyl – Ukr Tešanović, Lazar – Bos Tiso, Jozef – Slo Todić, Cvijentin – Bos Tribunal of Race – Ita Trokhymchuk, Stepan – Ukr Tscheulin, Emil – Ger Tverdohlib, Mykola – Ukr Ugryn-Bezrishniy, Mykola – Ukr Ukrainian Central Committee (L’viv) – Ukr Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) – Can, Ita, Ukr, U.S. Ukrainian Liberation Army – Ukr Ukrainian National Army – Ukr Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council – Ukr Ukrayins’ka Natsional’na Rada – Ukr, U.S. Ustasha – Aus, Bos, Cro Ustasha Youth – Cro Vasić, Dragomir “Dragiša” – Bos, Ser Vasylyashko, Vasyl – Ukr Vatsyk, Pavlo – Ukr Verschaeve, Cyriel – Bel Vlasov, Andrey – Cze, U.S. Vojtaššák, Ján – Slo Vokić, Ante – Bos Von Braun, Wernher – Ger, U.S. Vulcănescu, Mircea – Rom Wass, Albert – Hun, Rom Weiss, Bernhard – Ger Yakymchuk, Mykola – Ukr Žemaitis-Vytautas, Jonas – Lit |
A message from our CEO & publisher Rachel Fishman Feddersen
I hope you appreciated this article. Before you go, I’d like to ask you to please support the Forward’s award-winning, nonprofit journalism during this critical time.
At a time when other newsrooms are closing or cutting back, the Forward has removed its paywall and invested additional resources to report on the ground from Israel and around the U.S. on the impact of the war, rising antisemitism and polarized discourse..
Readers like you make it all possible. Support our work by becoming a Forward Member and connect with our journalism and your community.
— Rachel Fishman Feddersen, Publisher and CEO
